{"id":4804,"date":"2022-02-05T15:46:29","date_gmt":"2022-02-05T23:46:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/?p=4804"},"modified":"2022-02-05T15:46:29","modified_gmt":"2022-02-05T23:46:29","slug":"rosemary-could-be-a-2-pronged-weapon-against-the-sars-cov-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/2022\/02\/05\/rosemary-could-be-a-2-pronged-weapon-against-the-sars-cov-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Rosemary could be a 2-pronged weapon against the SARS-CoV-2"},"content":{"rendered":"

From the PROMED bulletin
\n******
\n[2] Carnosic acid (rosemary)
\nDate: Tue 1 Feb 2022
\nSource: Scripps [edited]
\nhttps:\/\/www.scripps.edu\/news-and-events\/press-room\/2022\/20220201-lipton-rosemary-covid19.html<\/a><\/p>\n

A team co-led by scientists at Scripps Research has found evidence
\nthat a compound contained in the medicinal and culinary herb rosemary
\ncould be a 2-pronged weapon against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that
\ncauses COVID-19.<\/p>\n

The scientists, in experiments described in a paper published 6 Jan
\n2022 in the journal Antioxidants, found that the compound, carnosic
\nacid, can block the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 outer “spike”
\nprotein and the receptor protein, ACE2, which the virus uses to gain
\nentry to cells.<\/p>\n

The team also presented evidence, and reviewed evidence from prior
\nstudies, that carnosic acid has a separate effect in inhibiting a
\npowerful inflammatory pathway — a pathway that is active in severe
\nCOVID-19 as well as in other diseases including Alzheimer’s.<\/p>\n

“We think that carnosic acid, or some optimized derivative, is worth
\ninvestigating as a potentially cheap, safe, and effective treatment
\nfor COVID-19 and some other inflammation-related disorders,” says
\nstudy senior author Stuart Lipton, MD, PhD, Professor and Step Family
\nFoundation Endowed Chair in the Department of Molecular Medicine and
\nfounding co-director of the Neurodegeneration New Medicines Center at
\nScripps Research.<\/p>\n

In a 2016 study, Lipton and colleagues showed that carnosic acid
\nactivates an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant signaling cascade called
\nthe Nrf2 pathway, and found evidence that it reduces Alzheimer’s-like
\nsigns in mouse models of that disease, which is known to feature brain
\ninflammation.<\/p>\n

For the new study, Lipton, along with Chang-ki Oh, PhD, and Dorit
\nTrudler, PhD, respectively a staff scientist and postdoctoral fellow
\nin the Lipton lab, and first author Takumi Satoh, PhD, of the Tokyo
\nUniversity of Technology, described their further studies of this
\nanti-inflammatory effect on the immune cells that drive inflammation
\nin COVID-19 and Alzheimer’s. The researchers also reviewed evidence
\nfrom other investigators’ studies indicating that carnosic acid
\ninhibits inflammation in other disease models. They proposed that this
\neffect could be beneficial against the inflammation observed in
\nCOVID-19 and in some cases of the post-COVID syndrome known as long
\nCOVID, whose reported symptoms include cognitive difficulties often
\ndescribed as “brain fog.”<\/p>\n

Additionally, the scientists described a COVID-19 infection-blocking
\nexperiment conducted by Oh. Using a standard infectivity assay, he
\nshowed that carnosic acid can directly block SARS-CoV-2’s ability to
\ninfect cells, with progressively greater infection-blocking activity
\nat higher doses.<\/p>\n

While the research is preliminary, the researchers propose that
\ncarnosic acid has this antiviral effect, despite being a safe and
\nrelatively unreactive compound, because it is converted to its active
\nform by the inflammation and oxidation found at sites of infection. In
\nthat active form, they suggest, the compound modifies the ACE2
\nreceptor for SARS-CoV-2 — making the receptor impregnable to the
\nvirus and thereby blocking infection.<\/p>\n

“Carnosic acid represents a ‘pathologically activated therapeutic’ in
\npreclinical models of disease — inactive and innocuous in its normal
\nstate, but converted to an active form where it needs to be active,”
\nLipton says.<\/p>\n

Lipton and his colleagues are now working with Scripps Research
\nchemists, including Phil Baran and Ben Cravatt, professors in the
\nDepartment of Chemistry, to synthesize and test more potent
\nderivatives of carnosic acid with improved drug characteristics for
\npotential use in inflammation-related disorders.<\/p>\n

Lipton and Satoh hold patents for the use of carnosic acid derivatives
\nfor degenerative diseases.<\/p>\n

—
\nCommunicated by:
\nMary Marshall<\/p>\n

[…Because CA has been shown to not only act systemically but also to
\npenetrate the blood-brain barrier and reach the brain parenchyma to
\nexert neuroprotective effects, we discuss the evidence that CA or
\nrosemary extracts containing CA may represent an effective
\ncountermeasure against both acute and chronic pathological events
\ninitiated by SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as other chronic
\nneurodegenerative diseases including AD and PD.<\/p>\n

References
\n———-
\n1. Satoh T, Trudler D, Oh CK, Lipton SA. Potential Therapeutic Use of
\nthe Rosemary Diterpene Carnosic Acid for Alzheimer’s Disease,
\nParkinson’s Disease, and Long-COVID through NRF2 Activation to
\nCounteract the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Antioxidants 2022, 11, 124;
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox11010124
\n2. Lipton SA, Rezaie T, Nutter A, et al. Therapeutic advantage of
\npro-electrophilic drugs to activate the Nrf2\/ARE pathway in
\nAlzheimer’s disease models. Cell Death Dis. 2016 Dec 1;7(12):e2499;
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cddis.2016.389.
\n– Mod.LK] <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

From the PROMED bulletin ****** [2] Carnosic acid (rosemary) Date: Tue 1 Feb 2022 Source: Scripps [edited] https:\/\/www.scripps.edu\/news-and-events\/press-room\/2022\/20220201-lipton-rosemary-covid19.html A team co-led by scientists at Scripps Research has found evidence that a compound contained in the medicinal and culinary herb rosemary could be a 2-pronged weapon against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that causes COVID-19. The scientists, in … [Read more…]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2520,15],"tags":[3923,3924,3925,3922,2482,3927,3820,3398,3926,3921,2676],"class_list":{"0":"entry","1":"post","2":"publish","3":"author-sergneri","4":"post-4804","6":"format-standard","7":"category-pandemic","8":"category-science","9":"post_tag-alzheimers","10":"post_tag-anti-inflammatory","11":"post_tag-antioxidant","12":"post_tag-carnosic-acid","13":"post_tag-covid-19","14":"post_tag-immune-cells","15":"post_tag-inflammation","16":"post_tag-long-covid","17":"post_tag-nrf2-pathway","18":"post_tag-rosemary","19":"post_tag-sars-cov-2"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4804"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4804\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4806,"href":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4804\/revisions\/4806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sergneri.net\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}